Cretaciclavulina gusici n. gen., n. sp. (?family Valvulinidae BERTHELIN, 1880), a new larger benthic foraminifer from the lower Campanian of Brač Island, Croatia
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Published:
Jun 1, 2016
Keywords:
Benthic foraminifera, Wall structure, Valvulinidae, Palaeotextulariidae, Upper Cretaceous, Croatia
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Abstract
The larger benthic foraminifera Cretaciclavulina gusici n. gen., n. sp. is described from the lower Campanian Pučišća Formation of the Island of Brač, Croatia. With its elongate test, trochospiral to uniserial coiling, simple chambers, paraporous wall structure, and areal aperture provided with a cribrate apertural plate, Cretaciclavulina is tentatively placed into the family Valvulinidae BERTHELIN, 1880. Besides Neobalkhania bignoti CHERCHI, RADOIČIĆ & SCHROEDER, 1991, Fleuryana adriatica DE CASTRO, DROBNE & GUŠIĆ, 1994, and Reticulinella fleuryi CVETKO, GUŠIĆ & SCHROEDER, 1997, Cretaciclavulina gusici represents the fourth benthic foraminifera newly described from the Upper Cretaceous shallow-water carbonates of Brač Island.
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References
BANNER, F.T. & DESAI, D. (1985): The genus Clavulinoides Cushman emended and the new Cretaceous genus Clavulinopsis.– Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 15, 79-90.
BANNER, F.T., SIMMONS, M.D. & WHITTAKER, J.E. (1991): The Mesozoic Chrysalidinidae (Foraminifera, Textulariacea) of the Middle East: the Redmond (Aramco) taxa and their relatives.– Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology, 47/2, 101–152.
BERTHELIN, G. (1880): Mémoire sur les Foraminifères fossils de l´Etage Albien de Moncley (Doubs).– Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France, ser. 3, 1 (5), 1–84.
CHECCONI, A., RETTORI, R. & SPALLUTO, L. (2008): Biostratigrapfia a foraminiferei del Cretaceo Superiore della succession di Parco Priore (Calcare di Altamura, Piattaforma Apula, Italia Meridionale).– Annali dell’Universita degli Studi di Ferrara Museologia Scientifica e Naturalistica, 4, 1–9.
CUSHMAN, J.A. (1911): A Monograph of the Foraminifera of the North Pacific Ocean. Part II - Textulariidae.− United States National Museum Bulletin, 71, 1−108.
CUSHMAN, J.A. (1927): An outline of a re-classification of the foraminifera.– Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research 3, 1–105.
CUSHMAN, J.A. (1933): Some new foraminiferal genera.– Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 9, 32–38.
CUSHMAN, J A. (1935): Fourteen new species of Foraminifera.– Smithonian Miscellaneous Collections 91 (21), 181, 1–9.
CUSHMAN, J.A. (1936): New genera and species of the families Verneuilinidae and Valvulinidae and of the subfamily Virgulininae.– Special Publications Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 6, 1–71.
CVETKO, B., GUŠIĆ, I., SCHROEDER, R. (1997): Reticulinella fleuryi n. sp. (Foraminiferida) from the Upper Cretaceous (Upper Santonian–Middle Campanian of the Island of Brač, Croatia.– Revue de Micropaléontologie, 40/2, 131–139.
CVETKO TEŠOVIĆ, B., GUŠIĆ, B., JELASKA, V., BUCKOVIĆ, D. (2001): Stratigraphy and microfacies of the Upper Cretaceous Pučišća Formation, Island of Brač, Croatia.– Cretaceous Research, 22, 591–613.
DAVEY, S.D. & JENKYNS, H.C. (1999): Carbon-isotope stratigraphy of shallow-water limestones and implications for the timing of Late Cretaceous sea-level rise and anoxic events (Cenomanian-Turonian of the peri-Adriatic carbonate platform, Croatia).– Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 92, 163–170.
DE CASTRO, P. (1974): Su alcune nuove miliolidi del Senoniano del Mediterraneo.– VI Instituto di Paleontologia dell´Università di Napoli Pubblicazione, 54, 1–19.
DE CASTRO, P., DROBNE, K. & GUŠIĆ, I. (1994): Fleuryana adriatica n. gen., n. sp. (Foraminiferida) from the uppermost Maastrichtian of the Brač Island (Croatia) and some other localities on the Adriatic Carbonate Platform.– Razprave IV. Razreda SAZU, 35/8, 129–149.
D’ORBIGNY, A. (1826): Tableau méthodique de la classe des Céphalopodes.– Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 7, 245–314.
FRIJIA, G., PARENTE, M., DI LUCIA, M. & MUTTI, M. (2015): Carbon and Strontium isotope stratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Campanian) shallow-water carbonates of southern Italy: chronostratigraphic calibration of larger foraminifera biostratigraphy.– Cretaceous Research, 53, 110–139. doi: 10.1016/j. cretres.2014.11.002
GALLOWAY, J.J. (1933): A manual of Foraminifera. Bloomington, Principia Press.
GUŠIĆ, I. & JELASKA, V. (1990): Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Island of Brač.– Djela Jugoslavenska Akademija Znanosti i Umjetnosti Zagreb, 69, 1–160.
HOTTINGER, L. (2006): Illustrated glossary of terms used in foraminiferal research. Carnets de Géologie– Notebooks on Geology Memoires 2006/02 (CG2006_M02).
HOTTINGER, L., HALICZ, E. & REISS, Z. (1990): Partitions and fistulose chambers in Textulariina.– In: HEMLEBEN, C., KAMINSKI, M.A., KUHNT, W. & SCOTT, D.B. (eds.): Paleoecology, biostratigraphy, paleoceanography and taxonomy of agglutinated foraminifera. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 37–49. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-3350-0
JELASKA, V. (2002): Carbonate Platforms of the External Dinarides.– In: VLAHOVIĆ, I. & TIŠLJAR, J. (eds.): Evolution of Depositional Environments from the Palaeozoic to the Quaternary in the Karst Dinarides and Pannonian Basin.– 22nd IAS Meeting of Sedimentology, Opatija, Field Trip Guidebook, 67–71.
JENKYNS, H.C. (1991): Impact of Cretaceous sea level rise and anoxic events on the Mesozoic carbonate platform of Yugoslavia.– American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 75/6, 1007–1017.
KAMINSKI, M.A., CETEAN, C.G. & TYSZKA, J. (2011): Nomenclature to describe the transition from multiserial to uniserial chamber arrangement in benthic foraminifera.– Journal of Micropalaeontology, 30, 7–10. doi: 10.1144/0262-821X10-016
KAMINSKI, M.A., CETEAN, C.G. & NEAGU, T. (2010): Rectogerochammina eugubina nov. gen., nov. sp., a new agglutinated foraminifer from the Upper Cretaceous of Gubbio, Italy.– Revue de Micropaléontologie, 53, 121–124.
KORBAR, T. (2003): Stratigrafija, taksonomija i paleoekologija radiolitida gornje krede Jadranske karbonatne platforme (Stratigraphy, Taxonomy and Palaeoecology of Upper Cretaceous Radiolitidae of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform).– PhD Thesis, University of Zagreb, Croatia, 242 pp. (in Croatian with English summary, unpublished)
KORBAR, T., GLUMAC, B., CVETKO TEŠOVIĆ, B., CADIEUX, S. B. (2012): Response of a carbonate platform to the Cenomanian–Turonian drowning and OAE 2: a case study from the Adriatic Platform (Dalmatia, Croatia).− Journal of Sedimentary Research, 82, 163−176. doi: 10.2110/jsr.2012/17
KORBAR, T. & HUSINEC, A. (2003): Biostratigraphy of Turonian to (?)Coniacian platform carbonates: A case study from the Island of Cres (Northern Adriatic, Croatia).– Geologia Croatica, 56, 173–185. doi: 10.4154/GC.2003.11
LOEBLICH, A.R., JR. & TAPPAN, H. (1985): Some new and redefined genera and families of agglutinated foraminifera II.– Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 15/3, 175–217. doi: 10.2113/gsjfr.15.3.175 doi: 10.1007/9781-4899-5760-3
LOEBLICH, A.R., JR. & TAPPAN, H. (1987): Foraminiferal genera and their classification. – 2 volumes, 1–970, (Van Nostrand Reinhold) New York.
LUPERTO SINNI, E. (1976): Microfossili senoniani delle Murge.– Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 82/2, 293–416.
LUPERTO SINNI, E. (1979): Praechrysalidina infracretacea n. gen., n. sp. (Foraminiferida) del Cretaceo inferiore delle Murge baresi.– Studi geologici regione pugliese, 5, 1–16.
LUPERTO SINNI, E. (1985): Praechrysalidina infracretacea LUPERTO SINNI, 1979. – In: SCHROEDER, R. & NEUMANN, M. (coords.), Les grand foraminifères du Crétacé Moyen de la région Méditerranénne.– Géobios Mémoire spécial, 7, 22.
NEAGU, T. (1997): Lower Cretaceous agglutinated foraminifera from southern Dobrogea, Romania. Part 1, Verneuilinacea, Ataxophragmiacea.– Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 67, 307–323.
PAMIĆ, J., GUŠIĆ, I. & JELASKA, V. (1998): Geodynamic evolution of the Central Dinarides.– Tectonophysics, 297, 251–268. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(98)00171-1
PEJOVIĆ, D. & RADOIČIĆ, R. (1987): Contribution to the study of Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of Brač - Adriatic Carbonate Platform.– Geologija, 28/29, 121–150 (In Serbian, English summary).
PILLER, W.E. (1990): Wall structures of palaeotextulariid foraminifers and discussion of microgranular test walls.– Paleoecology, Biostratigraphy and Taxonomy of agglutinated Foraminifera. NATO ASI Series, 327, 25–35. doi: 10.1007/978-94-0113350-0_4
POLŠAK, A., BAUER, V., SLIŠKOVIĆ, T. (1982): Stratigraphie du Crétacé supérieur de la plate-forme carbonatée dans les Dinarides externs.– Cretaceous Research, 3, 125–133. doi: 10.1016/0195-6671(82)90013-1
RIGAUD, S., VACHARD, D. & MARTINI, R. (2015): Agglutinated versus microgranular foraminifers: end of a paradigm?– Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 13/2, 75-95. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.863232
SCHLAGINTWEIT, F., HUSINEC, A. & JEŽ, J. (2014): Siphodinarella costata n. gen., n. sp., a new benthic foraminifer from the Upper Cretaceous (Late Turonian-Santonian) of the Karst Dinarides (Slovenia, Croatia).– Facies, 60: 133–145. doi: 10.1007/s10347-013-0365-1
SCHWAGER, C. (1877): Quadro del proposto sistema di classificazione dei foraminiferi con guscio.– Bolletino del R. Comitato Geologico d´Italia, 8, 18–27.
STEUBER, T., KORBAR, T., JELASKA, V., GUŠIĆ, I. (2005): Strontium-isotope stratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous platform carbonates of the island of Brač (Adriatic Sea, Croatia): implications for global correlation of platform evolution and biostratigraphy.– Cretaceous Research, 26, 741–756. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2005.04.004
TORRE, M. (1966): Alcuni foraminiferi del Cretacico superiore della Penisola Sorrentina.– Bolletino della Società dei Naturalisti in Napoli, 75, 409–431.
TYSZKA, J. & THIES, A. (2001): Spiroplectinata, key benthic foraminifera genus for palaeoceanographic reconstructions of the Albian Lower Saxony Basin.– Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecolgy, 174, 199–220. doi: 10.1016/S00310182(01)00294-2
VACHARD, D., MUNNECKE, A. & SERVAIS, T. (2004): New SEM observations of keriothecal walls: implications for the evolution of the Fusulinida.– Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 34/3, 232–242. doi: 10.2113/34.3.232
VELIĆ, I., (2007): Stratigraphy and palaeobiogeography of Mesozoic benthic foraminifera of the Karst Dinarides (SE Europe).– Geologia Croatica, 60, 1–113.
VLAHOVIĆ, I., TIŠLJAR, J., VELIĆ, I. & MATIČEC, D. (2005): Evolution of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform: Palaeogeography, main events and depositional dynamics.– Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 220/3–4, 333–360. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.01.011
WEIDICH, K.-F. (1988): On the variability of some Recent and fossil „Clavulina” species (Foraminifera). Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 41, 337–354.
BANNER, F.T., SIMMONS, M.D. & WHITTAKER, J.E. (1991): The Mesozoic Chrysalidinidae (Foraminifera, Textulariacea) of the Middle East: the Redmond (Aramco) taxa and their relatives.– Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology, 47/2, 101–152.
BERTHELIN, G. (1880): Mémoire sur les Foraminifères fossils de l´Etage Albien de Moncley (Doubs).– Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France, ser. 3, 1 (5), 1–84.
CHECCONI, A., RETTORI, R. & SPALLUTO, L. (2008): Biostratigrapfia a foraminiferei del Cretaceo Superiore della succession di Parco Priore (Calcare di Altamura, Piattaforma Apula, Italia Meridionale).– Annali dell’Universita degli Studi di Ferrara Museologia Scientifica e Naturalistica, 4, 1–9.
CUSHMAN, J.A. (1911): A Monograph of the Foraminifera of the North Pacific Ocean. Part II - Textulariidae.− United States National Museum Bulletin, 71, 1−108.
CUSHMAN, J.A. (1927): An outline of a re-classification of the foraminifera.– Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research 3, 1–105.
CUSHMAN, J.A. (1933): Some new foraminiferal genera.– Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 9, 32–38.
CUSHMAN, J A. (1935): Fourteen new species of Foraminifera.– Smithonian Miscellaneous Collections 91 (21), 181, 1–9.
CUSHMAN, J.A. (1936): New genera and species of the families Verneuilinidae and Valvulinidae and of the subfamily Virgulininae.– Special Publications Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 6, 1–71.
CVETKO, B., GUŠIĆ, I., SCHROEDER, R. (1997): Reticulinella fleuryi n. sp. (Foraminiferida) from the Upper Cretaceous (Upper Santonian–Middle Campanian of the Island of Brač, Croatia.– Revue de Micropaléontologie, 40/2, 131–139.
CVETKO TEŠOVIĆ, B., GUŠIĆ, B., JELASKA, V., BUCKOVIĆ, D. (2001): Stratigraphy and microfacies of the Upper Cretaceous Pučišća Formation, Island of Brač, Croatia.– Cretaceous Research, 22, 591–613.
DAVEY, S.D. & JENKYNS, H.C. (1999): Carbon-isotope stratigraphy of shallow-water limestones and implications for the timing of Late Cretaceous sea-level rise and anoxic events (Cenomanian-Turonian of the peri-Adriatic carbonate platform, Croatia).– Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 92, 163–170.
DE CASTRO, P. (1974): Su alcune nuove miliolidi del Senoniano del Mediterraneo.– VI Instituto di Paleontologia dell´Università di Napoli Pubblicazione, 54, 1–19.
DE CASTRO, P., DROBNE, K. & GUŠIĆ, I. (1994): Fleuryana adriatica n. gen., n. sp. (Foraminiferida) from the uppermost Maastrichtian of the Brač Island (Croatia) and some other localities on the Adriatic Carbonate Platform.– Razprave IV. Razreda SAZU, 35/8, 129–149.
D’ORBIGNY, A. (1826): Tableau méthodique de la classe des Céphalopodes.– Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 7, 245–314.
FRIJIA, G., PARENTE, M., DI LUCIA, M. & MUTTI, M. (2015): Carbon and Strontium isotope stratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Campanian) shallow-water carbonates of southern Italy: chronostratigraphic calibration of larger foraminifera biostratigraphy.– Cretaceous Research, 53, 110–139. doi: 10.1016/j. cretres.2014.11.002
GALLOWAY, J.J. (1933): A manual of Foraminifera. Bloomington, Principia Press.
GUŠIĆ, I. & JELASKA, V. (1990): Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Island of Brač.– Djela Jugoslavenska Akademija Znanosti i Umjetnosti Zagreb, 69, 1–160.
HOTTINGER, L. (2006): Illustrated glossary of terms used in foraminiferal research. Carnets de Géologie– Notebooks on Geology Memoires 2006/02 (CG2006_M02).
HOTTINGER, L., HALICZ, E. & REISS, Z. (1990): Partitions and fistulose chambers in Textulariina.– In: HEMLEBEN, C., KAMINSKI, M.A., KUHNT, W. & SCOTT, D.B. (eds.): Paleoecology, biostratigraphy, paleoceanography and taxonomy of agglutinated foraminifera. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 37–49. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-3350-0
JELASKA, V. (2002): Carbonate Platforms of the External Dinarides.– In: VLAHOVIĆ, I. & TIŠLJAR, J. (eds.): Evolution of Depositional Environments from the Palaeozoic to the Quaternary in the Karst Dinarides and Pannonian Basin.– 22nd IAS Meeting of Sedimentology, Opatija, Field Trip Guidebook, 67–71.
JENKYNS, H.C. (1991): Impact of Cretaceous sea level rise and anoxic events on the Mesozoic carbonate platform of Yugoslavia.– American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 75/6, 1007–1017.
KAMINSKI, M.A., CETEAN, C.G. & TYSZKA, J. (2011): Nomenclature to describe the transition from multiserial to uniserial chamber arrangement in benthic foraminifera.– Journal of Micropalaeontology, 30, 7–10. doi: 10.1144/0262-821X10-016
KAMINSKI, M.A., CETEAN, C.G. & NEAGU, T. (2010): Rectogerochammina eugubina nov. gen., nov. sp., a new agglutinated foraminifer from the Upper Cretaceous of Gubbio, Italy.– Revue de Micropaléontologie, 53, 121–124.
KORBAR, T. (2003): Stratigrafija, taksonomija i paleoekologija radiolitida gornje krede Jadranske karbonatne platforme (Stratigraphy, Taxonomy and Palaeoecology of Upper Cretaceous Radiolitidae of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform).– PhD Thesis, University of Zagreb, Croatia, 242 pp. (in Croatian with English summary, unpublished)
KORBAR, T., GLUMAC, B., CVETKO TEŠOVIĆ, B., CADIEUX, S. B. (2012): Response of a carbonate platform to the Cenomanian–Turonian drowning and OAE 2: a case study from the Adriatic Platform (Dalmatia, Croatia).− Journal of Sedimentary Research, 82, 163−176. doi: 10.2110/jsr.2012/17
KORBAR, T. & HUSINEC, A. (2003): Biostratigraphy of Turonian to (?)Coniacian platform carbonates: A case study from the Island of Cres (Northern Adriatic, Croatia).– Geologia Croatica, 56, 173–185. doi: 10.4154/GC.2003.11
LOEBLICH, A.R., JR. & TAPPAN, H. (1985): Some new and redefined genera and families of agglutinated foraminifera II.– Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 15/3, 175–217. doi: 10.2113/gsjfr.15.3.175 doi: 10.1007/9781-4899-5760-3
LOEBLICH, A.R., JR. & TAPPAN, H. (1987): Foraminiferal genera and their classification. – 2 volumes, 1–970, (Van Nostrand Reinhold) New York.
LUPERTO SINNI, E. (1976): Microfossili senoniani delle Murge.– Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 82/2, 293–416.
LUPERTO SINNI, E. (1979): Praechrysalidina infracretacea n. gen., n. sp. (Foraminiferida) del Cretaceo inferiore delle Murge baresi.– Studi geologici regione pugliese, 5, 1–16.
LUPERTO SINNI, E. (1985): Praechrysalidina infracretacea LUPERTO SINNI, 1979. – In: SCHROEDER, R. & NEUMANN, M. (coords.), Les grand foraminifères du Crétacé Moyen de la région Méditerranénne.– Géobios Mémoire spécial, 7, 22.
NEAGU, T. (1997): Lower Cretaceous agglutinated foraminifera from southern Dobrogea, Romania. Part 1, Verneuilinacea, Ataxophragmiacea.– Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 67, 307–323.
PAMIĆ, J., GUŠIĆ, I. & JELASKA, V. (1998): Geodynamic evolution of the Central Dinarides.– Tectonophysics, 297, 251–268. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(98)00171-1
PEJOVIĆ, D. & RADOIČIĆ, R. (1987): Contribution to the study of Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of Brač - Adriatic Carbonate Platform.– Geologija, 28/29, 121–150 (In Serbian, English summary).
PILLER, W.E. (1990): Wall structures of palaeotextulariid foraminifers and discussion of microgranular test walls.– Paleoecology, Biostratigraphy and Taxonomy of agglutinated Foraminifera. NATO ASI Series, 327, 25–35. doi: 10.1007/978-94-0113350-0_4
POLŠAK, A., BAUER, V., SLIŠKOVIĆ, T. (1982): Stratigraphie du Crétacé supérieur de la plate-forme carbonatée dans les Dinarides externs.– Cretaceous Research, 3, 125–133. doi: 10.1016/0195-6671(82)90013-1
RIGAUD, S., VACHARD, D. & MARTINI, R. (2015): Agglutinated versus microgranular foraminifers: end of a paradigm?– Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 13/2, 75-95. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.863232
SCHLAGINTWEIT, F., HUSINEC, A. & JEŽ, J. (2014): Siphodinarella costata n. gen., n. sp., a new benthic foraminifer from the Upper Cretaceous (Late Turonian-Santonian) of the Karst Dinarides (Slovenia, Croatia).– Facies, 60: 133–145. doi: 10.1007/s10347-013-0365-1
SCHWAGER, C. (1877): Quadro del proposto sistema di classificazione dei foraminiferi con guscio.– Bolletino del R. Comitato Geologico d´Italia, 8, 18–27.
STEUBER, T., KORBAR, T., JELASKA, V., GUŠIĆ, I. (2005): Strontium-isotope stratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous platform carbonates of the island of Brač (Adriatic Sea, Croatia): implications for global correlation of platform evolution and biostratigraphy.– Cretaceous Research, 26, 741–756. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2005.04.004
TORRE, M. (1966): Alcuni foraminiferi del Cretacico superiore della Penisola Sorrentina.– Bolletino della Società dei Naturalisti in Napoli, 75, 409–431.
TYSZKA, J. & THIES, A. (2001): Spiroplectinata, key benthic foraminifera genus for palaeoceanographic reconstructions of the Albian Lower Saxony Basin.– Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecolgy, 174, 199–220. doi: 10.1016/S00310182(01)00294-2
VACHARD, D., MUNNECKE, A. & SERVAIS, T. (2004): New SEM observations of keriothecal walls: implications for the evolution of the Fusulinida.– Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 34/3, 232–242. doi: 10.2113/34.3.232
VELIĆ, I., (2007): Stratigraphy and palaeobiogeography of Mesozoic benthic foraminifera of the Karst Dinarides (SE Europe).– Geologia Croatica, 60, 1–113.
VLAHOVIĆ, I., TIŠLJAR, J., VELIĆ, I. & MATIČEC, D. (2005): Evolution of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform: Palaeogeography, main events and depositional dynamics.– Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 220/3–4, 333–360. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.01.011
WEIDICH, K.-F. (1988): On the variability of some Recent and fossil „Clavulina” species (Foraminifera). Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 41, 337–354.