Paleostress and kinematic evolution of the orogen-parallel NW-SE striking faults in the NW External Dinarides of Slovenia unraveled by mesoscale fault-slip data anaysis
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Sep 17, 2016
Keywords:
stress, strain, fault-slip data, tectonic phases, NW External Dinarides
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Abstract
The late Eocene to Recent dynamics of the NW External Dinarides in Slovenia are described. The study is focused on the orogen-parallel NW-SE striking family of faults, which represent the main source of seismic hazard in the NW External Dinarides today. Approximately 1700 fault-slip datasets were collected at 70 locations and used for palaeostress analysis. Structural relationships observed in the field, allowed the construction of a relative chronology between the documented fault and shear joint sets, facilitating the reconstruction of their kinematic evolution and the chronology of palaeostress phases. Four post-Palaeocene stress tensor groups are documented corresponding to four distinct tectonic phases. The first phase is marked by NE-SW directed compression attributed to Late Eocene top-to-SW thrusting of External Dinarides. The second phase is characterized by NE-SW oriented tension, documented by normal slips recorded on NW-SE striking faults. This tension is interpreted as an expression of the Early to Middle Miocene back-arc extension in the Pannonian basin system that also affected the studied part of the External Dinarides. The third phase is manifested by approximately E-W oriented compression with approximately N-S oriented tension in a strike-slip stress regime, causing sinistral reactivation of NW-SE trending faults. Geodynamically, this phase can be correlated with the Late Miocene short pulse of E-W directed compression, documented in parts of the Pannonian basin system. The youngest phase is characterized by approximately N-S oriented compression and approximately E-W oriented tension in a strike-slip stress regime, which caused dextral reactivation of NW-SE striking faults. This phase correlates with the recent inversive/transpressive phase, well-established from seismological data.
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References
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BISHOP, A. W. (1966): The strength of soils as engineering materials.- Geotehnique, 16, 91-130.
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GOSAR, A. (1998): Seismic reflection surveys of the Krško basin structure: implications for earthquake hazard at the Krško nuclear power plant, southeast Slovenia.- Journal of Applied Geophysics, 39, 131-153.
GREGORIČ, A. (2005): Analiza razvoja paleonapetosti v Dinarskem narivnem sistemu zahodne Slovenije (okolica Nove Gorice).- Unpubl. Diploma Thesis, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 84 p.
HANDY, R.M., USTASZEWSKI, K. & KISSLING, E. (2015): Reconstructing the Alps-Carpathians-Dinarides as a key to understanding switches in subduction polarity, slab gaps and surface motion.- International Journal of Earth Sciences (Geological Rundschau), 104, 1-26. doi: 10.1007/s00531-014-1060-3
HERAK, D., HERAK., M. & TOMLJENOVIĆ, B. (2009): Seismicity and earthquake focal mechanisms in North-Western Croatia.- Tectonophysics, 465, 121-220. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2008.12.005
HORVÁTH, F. & ROYDEN, L. (1981): Mechanism for the Formation of the Intra-Carpathian Basins: a Review.- Earth Evolution Science, 3, 307-316.
HORVÁTH, F. & CLOETINGH, S. (1996): Stress-induced late-stage subsidence anomalies in the Pannonian Basin.- Tectonophysics, 266, 287-300.
ILIĆ, A. & NEUBAUER, F. (2005): Tertiary to recent oblique convergence and wrenching of the Central Dinarides: Constraints from paleostress study.- Tectonophysics, 410, 465-484. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2005.02.019
JAMŠEK RUPNIK, P., BENEDETTI, L., PREUSSER, F., BAVEC, M. & VRABEC, M. (2014): Geomorphic evidence of recent activity along the Vodice thrust fault in the Ljubljana Basin (Slovenia) a preliminary study.- Annals of geophysics, 56, 1-8. doi: 10.4401/ag-6252
JEŽ, J., OTONIČAR, B., FUČEK, L. & OGORELEC, B. (2011): Late Cretaceous sedimentary evolution of a northern sector of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform (Matarsko Podolje, SW Slovenia).- Facies, 57/3, 447-468. doi: 10.1007/s10347-010-0249-6
KASTELIC, V., VRABEC, M., CUNNINGHAM, D. & GOSAR, A. (2008): Neo-Alpine structural evolution and present-day tectonic activity of the eastern Southern Alps: The case of the Ravne Fault, NW Slovenia.- Journal of Structural Geology, 30, 963-975. doi: 10.1016/j.jsg.2008.03.009
KASTELIC, V. & CARAFA, M. (2012): Fault slip rates for active Exterlam Dinarides thrust-and-fold belt.-Tectonics, 31, 1-18. doi: 10.1029/2011TC003022
KASTELIC, V., VANNOLI, P., BURRATO, P., FRACASSI, U., TIBERTI, M.M. & VALENSISE, G. (2013): Seismogenic sources in the Adriatic Domain.- Marine and Petroleum Geology, 42, 191-213. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.08.002
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