Cuticular characteristics of Neuralethopteris jongmansii LAVEINE (medullosalean foliage, Westphalian, Intrasudetic Basin, Poland)
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Feb 20, 2017
Keywords:
Neuralethopteris, cuticular analysis, Westphalian, Poland, Intrasudetic Basin
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Abstract
Foliar cuticles are described for the first time from the medullosalean pteridosperm Neuralethopteris jongmansii LAVEINE. This species is not as common, either in abundance or distribution, as Neuralethopteris schlehanii (STUR) CREMER, the abaxial cuticle of which has paracytic (in morphological sense) and anomocytic stomata. In contrast, the stomata of Neuralethopteris jongmansii occur on both abaxial and adaxial cuticles and are anomocytic, monocyclic with prominent proximal papillae and sometimes paracytic. The epidermal cells of N. jongmansii are papillate and partly differ from N. schlehanii cuticles. However, there is a striking similarity between the foliar cuticles of N. jongmansii and Neurodontopteris auriculata (BRONGNIART) POTONIE. Although N. auriculata is a much younger fossil-species with pinnules that are more robust and of a different shape than N. jongmansii, their epidermal structures are practically the same – polygonal papillate cells, anomocytic, monocyclic stomata with prominent proximal papillae. Even their stomatal densities are equivalent. Despite this, there is a marked difference in the frond architecture of both genera. Neuralethopteris has „alethopterid“ bifurcate-pinnate frond architecture, Neurodontopteris has quite a different bifurcate-semi-pinnate frond architecture. Based on comparison of the cuticles, Neuralethopteris jongmansii and Neurodontopteris auriculata appear very similar and it may reflect common palaeoenvironmental demands.
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References
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CLEAL, C.J. & SHUTE, C.H. (1995): A synopsis of neuropteroid foliage from the Carboniferous and Lower Permian of Europe. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series 51, 1–52.
CORSIN, P. (1960): Classification des Ptéridophytes et des Ptéridospermophytes du Carbonifère. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 2 (Série 7), 566–572.
CREMER, L. (1893): Über die Fossilen Farne des Westfälischen Carbons und ihre Bedeutung für eine Gliederung des letzeren. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologischen Museum der Westfälischen Berggewerkschaftskasse 1, 1–49.
GOUBET, P., PFEFFERKORN, H.W. & GILLESPIE, W.H. (2000): Neuralethopterids (trigonocarpalean pteridosperms) from the Early Pennsylvanian of eastern North America. PaleoBios 20, 11–37.
KERP, H. (1990): The study of fossil gymnosperms by means of cuticular analysis. Palaios 5, 548–569. doi: 10.2307/3514861
KERP, H. & KRINGS, M. (1999): Light microscopy of cuticles. In: JONES, T.P. & ROWE, N.P. (Eds.), Fossil Plants and Spores: Modern Techniques. Geological Society, London, pp. 52–56.
KRINGS , M. (1999): Zum Bau der Spaltöffnungsapparate von Neurodontopteris auriculata (Brongniart) Potonié, einer Pteridosperme aus dem Stefan von Blanzy-Montceau (Zentralfrankreich). Münstersche Forschungen zur Geologie und Paläontologie 86. 69–78.
KRINGS, M. & KERP, H. (1997): An improved method for obtaining large pteridosperm cuticles. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 96, 453–456. doi: 10.1016/S0034-6667(96)00059-0
LAVEINE, J.-P. (1967): Contribution a l'étude de la flore du terrain houiller. Les Neuroptéridées du Nord de la France. Études Géologiques pour l'Atlas Topographie Souterraine 1(5) 1–344, pls A–P, 1–84.
LAVEINE, J.-P., BELHI S, a., LEMOIGNE, Y. & ZHANG, s. (1992): Frond architecture in the genera Neuralethopteris CREMER , Alethopteris STER NBER G and Lonchopteris BRONGNIART (Carboniferous Pteridosperms).– Revue de Paléobiologie, Volume spécial, Geneva, 6, 149–166.
LINGAUX, J. (1984): Flores et Faunes des formations supérieurs du Stéphanien de Blanzy-Montceau (Massif Central français). Stratigraphie et paléoécologie. Revue Périodique de ‚La Physiophyle‘, Societé d‘ Études des Sciences Naturelles et Historiques de Montceau-les-Mines, 100 (Supplément), 1–270.
SEWARD, A.C. (1917): Fossil plants. Volume III . Pteridospemae, Cycadofilices, Cordaitales, Cycadophyta.– Hafner Publishing Company, New York & London (reprint 1963), 656 p.
STUR, D. (1877): Die Culm-Flora der Ostrauer und Waldenburger Schichten. Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt 8 (2), 107–472.
ŠIMŮNEK, Z. (1999): Cuticles of Neuropteris auriculata (BRONGNIART) POTONIÉ from the Stephanian B of the Czech Republic. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica 43, 4, 625–631.
ŠIMŮNEK, Z. (2015): Cuticles of the Polish type material of Cordaites palmaeformis (GÖPPERT)WEISS and a Cordaites principalis-like form from Germany, Pennsylvanian. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 223, 50–70.
TENCHOV, Y. & CLEAL, C. J. (2010): Neuralethopteris foliage (Medullosales) in the Carboniferous of the Dobrudzha Coalfield, Bulgaria. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 158, 298–307. doi: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2009.10.001