Properties of fly ash and slag from power plants
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Published:
Oct 28, 2016
Keywords:
fly ash, slag, physical composition, chemical composition, mineral composition, X-Ray Diffraction method
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Abstract
This paper describes the physical, chemical and mineral properties of ash and slag, which were taken from thermal power plants Nikola Tesla A, Nikola Tesla B, Kostolac A and Kostolac B. The knowledge of the mineralogical material composition is important because the type of minerals directly determines the properties of the fly ash and slag and their possible application. Laboratory tests showed that ash and slag samples consist of the following minerals: amorphous materials, quartz, feldspar, mullite, melilite, cristobalite, haematite and calcite. The fly ash and slag chemical properties are the most important indicators in the evaluation of their suitability as a building material. The ash and slag chemical composition is composed of the following chemical components: SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, SO3, S, Na2O and K2O. Results of laboratory tests show that fly ash and slag have variable chemical, mineralogical and physical properties that are dependent on the natural composition, quality of coal from basin, the manner of combustion and place of ash deposition.
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References
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EN 451-2 (1994): Method of testing fly ash – Part 2: Determination of fineness by wet sieving
EN 933-1 (1997): Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates -Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution - Sieving method.
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SRPS B.H8.359 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of chemical composition of fuel ash - General requirements
SRPS B.H8.360 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of silica (SiO2) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.361 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of barium oxide (BaO) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.362 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of ferric oxide (Fe2O3) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.363 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of titanium oxide (TiO2) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.364 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke- Determination of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.365 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of calcium oxide (CaO) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.366 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of magnesium oxide (MgO) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.367 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of manganese oxide (Mn3O4) in ash from fuels
SRPS B.H8.368 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of sodium and potassium oxide (Na2O2 and K2O) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.369 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of sulfur trioxide (SO3) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.327 (1989): Solid mineral fuels - Determination of phosphorus content -- Reduced molybdophosphate photometric method
SRPS U.B1.018 (2005): Testig soils – Determination of particle size distribution
SPRS H.C8.209 (1989): Pigments and extenders – Determination of pH- value of an aqueous suspension.
STOJANOVIĆ, K., ŽIVOTIĆ, D., ŠAJNOVIĆ, A., CVETKOVIĆ, O., NYTOFT, H.P. & SCHEEDER, G. (2012): Drmno lignite field (Kostolac Basin, Serbia): origin and palaeoenvironmental implications from petrological and organic geochemical studies, Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, 77/8, 1109-1127, DOI: 10.2298/JSC111126017S
ŽIVOTIĆ, D., BECHTEL, A., SACHSENHOFER, R., GRATZER, R., RADIĆ, D., OBRADOVIĆ, M. & STOJANOVIĆ K. (2015): Reprint of “Petrological and organic geochemical properties of lignite from the Kolubara and Kostolac basins, Serbia: Implication on Grindability Index”, International Journal of Coal Geology, 157, 165-183, DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.004
ŽIVOTIĆ, D., STOJANOVIĆ, K., GRŽETIĆ, I., JOVANČIĆEVIĆ, B., CVETKOVIĆ, O., ŠAJNOVIĆ, A., SIMIĆ, V., STOJAKOVIĆ, R. & SCHEEDER, G. (2013): Petrological and geochemical composition of lignite from the D field, Kolubara basin (Serbia), International Journal of Coal Geology, 111, 5-22, DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.014
EN 451-2 (1994): Method of testing fly ash – Part 2: Determination of fineness by wet sieving
EN 933-1 (1997): Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates -Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution - Sieving method.
EN 1097-7 (1999): Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 7: Determination of the particle density of filler –Pyknometer metod.
EN 1328-1 (2003): Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures - Part 1: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content - Introduction, general requirements and sampling.
KEZOVIĆ, M. (2011): Coal bearing in Kolubara Basin, The Journal of the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia, 64, 154-163. (in Serbian with English abstract)
MILETIĆ, S. & ILIĆ M. (2007): Korišćenje elektrofilterskog pepela u građenju i građevinskim materijalima, Association of Civil Engineers and Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade
SRPS B.H8.359 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of chemical composition of fuel ash - General requirements
SRPS B.H8.360 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of silica (SiO2) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.361 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of barium oxide (BaO) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.362 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of ferric oxide (Fe2O3) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.363 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of titanium oxide (TiO2) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.364 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke- Determination of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.365 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of calcium oxide (CaO) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.366 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of magnesium oxide (MgO) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.367 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of manganese oxide (Mn3O4) in ash from fuels
SRPS B.H8.368 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of sodium and potassium oxide (Na2O2 and K2O) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.369 (1973): Methods of analysis of coal and coke - Determination of sulfur trioxide (SO3) in ash from solid fuels
SRPS B.H8.327 (1989): Solid mineral fuels - Determination of phosphorus content -- Reduced molybdophosphate photometric method
SRPS U.B1.018 (2005): Testig soils – Determination of particle size distribution
SPRS H.C8.209 (1989): Pigments and extenders – Determination of pH- value of an aqueous suspension.
STOJANOVIĆ, K., ŽIVOTIĆ, D., ŠAJNOVIĆ, A., CVETKOVIĆ, O., NYTOFT, H.P. & SCHEEDER, G. (2012): Drmno lignite field (Kostolac Basin, Serbia): origin and palaeoenvironmental implications from petrological and organic geochemical studies, Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, 77/8, 1109-1127, DOI: 10.2298/JSC111126017S
ŽIVOTIĆ, D., BECHTEL, A., SACHSENHOFER, R., GRATZER, R., RADIĆ, D., OBRADOVIĆ, M. & STOJANOVIĆ K. (2015): Reprint of “Petrological and organic geochemical properties of lignite from the Kolubara and Kostolac basins, Serbia: Implication on Grindability Index”, International Journal of Coal Geology, 157, 165-183, DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.004
ŽIVOTIĆ, D., STOJANOVIĆ, K., GRŽETIĆ, I., JOVANČIĆEVIĆ, B., CVETKOVIĆ, O., ŠAJNOVIĆ, A., SIMIĆ, V., STOJAKOVIĆ, R. & SCHEEDER, G. (2013): Petrological and geochemical composition of lignite from the D field, Kolubara basin (Serbia), International Journal of Coal Geology, 111, 5-22, DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.014